About 50% of mangrove ecosystems are at risk of collapse (classified as either Vulnerable, Endangered, or Critically Endangered).
A study by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) back in May 2024, revealed nearly 20% of the assessed mangroves are at high risk, classed as either Endangered or Critically Endangered, reflecting these areas are at severe risk of collapse.
They are threatened by deforestation, development, pollution, dam construction, rising sea-level and the increased frequency of severe storms associated with climate change.
Dr Grethel Aguilar, IUCN Director General, said “IUCN’s Red List of Ecosystems is key to tracking progress towards the goal of halting and reversing biodiversity loss, in line with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The first global assessment of mangrove ecosystems gives key guidance that highlights the urgent need for coordinated conservation of mangroves – crucial habitats for millions in vulnerable communities worldwide. The assessment’s findings will help us work together to restore the mangrove forests that we have lost and protect the ones we still have.”
The study was led by the IUCN, with active involvement of more than 250 experts based in 44 countries, from various research institutions including the IUCN Commission on Ecosystem Management, IUCN Species Survival Commission, and Global Mangrove Alliance.
Mangroves in South Africa?
The Southern Africa Mangroves are found in parts of the eastern South African and southernmost Mozambique coastline along the Indian Ocean.
Work by Dr Jacqueline Raw of the Nelson Mandela University and SAEON (South African Environmental Observation Network) indicates mangroves are directly threatened by rising temperatures, as a result, will not grow further.
Although they are used majorly for firewood, charcoal, building material and land, according to researchers, they are so rich in carbon, that they are termed the “blue carbon.”
Picture of mangroves at Nxaxo Estuary, on the Wild Coast, by Jacqueline Raw.